A beginner’s guide to light, from warm to cool – and how the camera captures it.
StudioBinder offers a short introduction to measuring light on the Kelvin scale, by way of their Cinematographer’s Guide to White Balance & Color Temp Fundamentals:
More detailed info, including their downloadable color chart, can be found on the StudioBinder blog.

Colour temperature is determined by the light – and also in-camera, by setting the white balance. We can either set the camera to match the light…

… or we can get creative, as Rob Ellis demonstrates How to Turn Day into Night with White Balance:
Further Viewing
A short intro guide with info on adjusting this and other camera settings:
There’s how temperature lights can be used to create different colours – and then there’s why. This intro to colour theory can help create look, mood, even story: